1. work (n. & v.),  job
我爸爸工作。（v.）/我爸爸不工作。（v.）
我爸爸有工作。（n.）/我爸爸沒有工作。（n.）

We will learn how to say about occupations, but sometimes we can't even tell what our parents'  jobs are in English, what shall we do? Maybe we can just say the place he/she works. Using the structure: 在⋯工作，you can replace ⋯ with name of places, like country,  district, company etc. 

e.g. 我爸爸在香港工作。
       我媽媽在家工作。
       我爸爸在IFC／Disneyland／Wanchai工作。

2. learn (v.)

We are students, and we learn a lot at school, also we will have as many to talk about.

e.g. 我們跟丁老師學中文。

1.  These two are opposite/antonyms, and you can easily tell from English meaning.

2. If you want to state what belongs or related to you, you can use this character.
e.g. 我的朋友（我朋友），我的媽媽（我媽媽），李安琳的兄弟姐妹，Oscar的家⋯

From the examples, you see you can omit 的 when it is used with pronoun (my/your/his/their, etc.). But you can't omit it when it is used with noun (name).

3. It shows a plural form for people.
e.g. 人們，我們，他們，姐姐們，老師們⋯

這是我的一家。
這是我媽媽。
這是我。
這是我妹妹。
這是我弟弟。
這是我爸爸。

她是誰？
她是我姐姐。
他是誰？
他是我哥哥。

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