1. These two are opposite/antonyms, and you can easily tell from English meaning.
2. If you want to state what belongs or related to you, you can use this character.
e.g. 我的朋友（我朋友），我的媽媽（我媽媽），李安琳的兄弟姐妹，Oscar的家⋯
From the examples, you see you can omit 的 when it is used with pronoun (my/your/his/their, etc.). But you can't omit it when it is used with noun (name).
e.g. 我的朋友（我朋友），我的媽媽（我媽媽），李安琳的兄弟姐妹，Oscar的家⋯
From the examples, you see you can omit 的 when it is used with pronoun (my/your/his/their, etc.). But you can't omit it when it is used with noun (name).
3. It shows a plural form for people.
e.g. 人們，我們，他們，姐姐們，老師們⋯
e.g. 人們，我們，他們，姐姐們，老師們⋯
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